25-01-2010, 01:38 PM
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#30
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( عضو دائم ولديه حصانه )
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بيانات اضافيه [
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رقم العضوية : 9106
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تاريخ التسجيل : 07 2005
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أخر زيارة : 20-03-2010 (12:04 AM)
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المشاركات :
2,503 [
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التقييم : 61
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لوني المفضل : Cadetblue
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Burrhus Frederic (B.F.)
Skinner
• With pigeons and rats, he developed the ideas of "operant conditioning" and "shaping behaviour.“Operant conditioning is the rewarding of a partial behaviour or a random act that approaches the desired behaviour.
• Operant conditioning can be used to shape behaviour.
• If the goal is to have a pigeon turn in a circle to the left, a reward is given for any small movement to the left. Soon, the reward is given for larger movements to the left, and so on.
• Skinner developed teaching machines so students could learn self- paced by uncovering answers for an immediate "reward."
• The US has trained pigeons to guide missiles & crickets to detect enemy troops.
• Refs:http://www.it.bton.ac.uk/staff/rng/t.../Learning.html
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